Chaperone - Revision history

Paulo Pacheco at 11:57, 2 August 2017

2017-08-02T11:57:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:57, 2 August 2017
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	The first consumer-ready implementation of Chaperone was introduced at CES 2016 as a part of the HTC Vive Pre headset.		The first consumer-ready implementation of Chaperone was introduced at CES 2016 as a part of the HTC Vive Pre headset.

			==Chaperone and the Guardian system==
			The Chaperone has been compared with the Rift’s Guardian system. Both systems enable the user to interact safely with the virtual space. However, the front camera in the Vive allows for the projection of the outside world in the virtual experience, further helping the user to avoid crashing into obstacles. The camera can also be used to find something in the room without having to remove the headset. This, according to some opinions, has given Chaperone the edge over the Guardian system. <ref name=”vs”>Smith, S.L. (2017). Oculus Rift vs. HTC Vive: The Rift is best all around. Retrieved from https://www.tomsguide.com/us/oculus-rift-vs-htc-vive,review-3433.html</ref>

	==References==		==References==

Paulo Pacheco at 16:44, 1 August 2017

2017-08-01T16:44:28Z

Neo222 at 22:07, 24 July 2017

2017-07-24T22:07:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:07, 24 July 2017
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			{{stub}}
			==Introduction==
	[[File:Stock-vector.jpg\|thumbnail\|Concept Drawing of Chaperone's Visual Grid]]		[[File:Stock-vector.jpg\|thumbnail\|Concept Drawing of Chaperone's Visual Grid]]
	The Chaperone system is a utility design by [[Valve]] to be used with their [[Virtual Reality#Platforms\|VR platform]], [[SteamVR]], and [[Virtual_Reality#Devices\|Head Mounted Display]], the [[HTC Vive]]. Once set up, it keeps track of where a user is in relation to the physical walls around them, and if necessary, shows a [[#Collision Bounds\|blue grid]]<ref>http://www.tested.com/tech/concepts/504521-htc-vive-vs-oculus-crescent-bay-my-10-vr-takeaways/</ref> within the user's virtual space to notify them that they are in close proximity to a physical barrier. The [[HTC Vive]] provides tracking within an approximately 15 foot by 15 foot area, and the Chaperon system provides the user with confidence that they will not collide with physical barriers as they experience their virtual content. The first working prototype was introduced at CES 2016 with the announcement of HTC's second Vive development kit.		The Chaperone system is a utility design by [[Valve]] to be used with their [[Virtual Reality#Platforms\|VR platform]], [[SteamVR]], and [[Virtual_Reality#Devices\|Head Mounted Display]], the [[HTC Vive]]. Once set up, it keeps track of where a user is in relation to the physical walls around them, and if necessary, shows a [[#Collision Bounds\|blue grid]]<ref>http://www.tested.com/tech/concepts/504521-htc-vive-vs-oculus-crescent-bay-my-10-vr-takeaways/</ref> within the user's virtual space to notify them that they are in close proximity to a physical barrier. The [[HTC Vive]] provides tracking within an approximately 15 foot by 15 foot area, and the Chaperon system provides the user with confidence that they will not collide with physical barriers as they experience their virtual content. The first working prototype was introduced at CES 2016 with the announcement of HTC's second Vive development kit.

Neo222 at 23:55, 25 December 2016

2016-12-25T23:55:59Z

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	<references/>		<references/>

	[[Category:Terms]] [[Category:SteamVR]]		[[Category:Terms]] [[Category:Technical Terms]] [[Category:SteamVR]]

Xinreality at 20:09, 4 May 2016

2016-05-04T20:09:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:09, 4 May 2016
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	Valve Corporation filed for a patent entitled 'CHAPERONE' on March 09, 2015<ref>http://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=86558185&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch</ref>. In it is contained this description of the Chaperone system:		Valve Corporation filed for a patent entitled 'CHAPERONE' on March 09, 2015<ref>http://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=86558185&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch</ref>. In it is contained this description of the Chaperone system:

	''Hardware and software, sensors, and ~~beacons~~ for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''		''Hardware and software, sensors, and base stations for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''

	The first consumer-ready implementation of Chaperone was introduced at CES 2016 as a part of the HTC Vive Pre headset.		The first consumer-ready implementation of Chaperone was introduced at CES 2016 as a part of the HTC Vive Pre headset.

Robovlk at 08:23, 13 January 2016

2016-01-13T08:23:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:23, 13 January 2016
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	[[File:Stock-vector.jpg\|thumbnail\|Concept Drawing of Chaperone's Visual Grid]]		[[File:Stock-vector.jpg\|thumbnail\|Concept Drawing of Chaperone's Visual Grid]]
	The Chaperone system is a utility design by [[Valve]] to be used with their [[Virtual Reality#Platforms\|VR platform]], [[SteamVR]], and [[Virtual_Reality#Devices\|Head Mounted Display]], the [[HTC Vive]]. Once set up, it keeps track of where a user is in relation to the physical walls around them, and if necessary, shows a [[#Collision Bounds\|blue grid]]<ref>http://www.tested.com/tech/concepts/504521-htc-vive-vs-oculus-crescent-bay-my-10-vr-takeaways/</ref> within the user's virtual space to notify them that they are in close proximity to a physical barrier. The [[HTC Vive]] provides tracking within an approximately 15 foot by 15 foot area, and the Chaperon system provides the user with confidence that they will not collide with physical barriers as they experience their virtual content.		The Chaperone system is a utility design by [[Valve]] to be used with their [[Virtual Reality#Platforms\|VR platform]], [[SteamVR]], and [[Virtual_Reality#Devices\|Head Mounted Display]], the [[HTC Vive]]. Once set up, it keeps track of where a user is in relation to the physical walls around them, and if necessary, shows a [[#Collision Bounds\|blue grid]]<ref>http://www.tested.com/tech/concepts/504521-htc-vive-vs-oculus-crescent-bay-my-10-vr-takeaways/</ref> within the user's virtual space to notify them that they are in close proximity to a physical barrier. The [[HTC Vive]] provides tracking within an approximately 15 foot by 15 foot area, and the Chaperon system provides the user with confidence that they will not collide with physical barriers as they experience their virtual content. The first working prototype was introduced at CES 2016 with the announcement of HTC's second Vive development kit.

	==Purpose==		==Purpose==
	The main purpose of the Chaperone system is to warn the user when they approach a physical barrier, to which they are blind because of the headset they are wearing. This will ideally prevent collisions and minimize accidents~~. This may help [[~~virtual reality~~]] experiences be more [[immersive]] because the observer trusts that they are safe~~ to ~~move around~~ in the ~~environment~~.		The main purpose of the Chaperone system is to warn the user when they approach a physical barrier, to which they are blind because of the headset they are wearing. This will ideally prevent collisions and minimize accidents, and thus solve the problem of real space navigation in virtual reality. The system recognized objects and represents them in user's field of view as glowing outlines and silhouettes. It makes it entirely possible to change position from standing to sitting on a chair, walk from object to object in real world, and safely take advantage of all space that the room users play in provides.

	A secondary purpose for the Chaperone system is to allow games to interact with the user in a unique way. Because the Chaperone system has information about the user's environment, virtual applications can react to the user's surroundings. It could, for example, generate a location that matches the orientation and layout of the user's room. Conversely, the system could use a techniques like overlapping spaces or [[directed walking]]<ref>http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Impossible%20Spaces-%20Maximizing%20Natural%20Walking%20in%20Virtual%20Environments%20with%20Self-Overlapping%20Architecture.pdf</ref> to make traverse-able, virtual environments that seem much larger than the user's physical space by distorting the user's perception of distance and rotational displacement.		A secondary purpose for the Chaperone system is to allow games to interact with the user in a unique way. Because the Chaperone system has information about the user's environment, virtual applications can react to the user's surroundings. It could, for example, generate a location that matches the orientation and layout of the user's room. Conversely, the system could use a techniques like overlapping spaces or [[directed walking]]<ref>http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Impossible%20Spaces-%20Maximizing%20Natural%20Walking%20in%20Virtual%20Environments%20with%20Self-Overlapping%20Architecture.pdf</ref> to make traverse-able, virtual environments that seem much larger than the user's physical space by distorting the user's perception of distance and rotational displacement.

			The latest version of Chaperone system has two modes of operation. In the first mode, the Vive is inactive until users get close to a wall or an obstacle. The headset then shows a glimpse of the real world to give users enough time to react and avoid any obstacle. The second mode is activated by double-tapping a menu button on the controller. In this mode, users see an instant view of all their surrounding.

	==Collision Bounds==		==Collision Bounds==
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	==Current Limitations==		==Current Limitations==
	At the ~~time of writing~~, ~~the set up procedure for the Chaperon system involves manually delineating the corners of the physical space with the [[SteamVR Controllers]].~~		The only remaining problem and potential danger is the attached cord. Unfortunately, Chaperone does not detect the cord, and it is possible for users to trip over it and fall.

	~~One other limitation of the~~ Chaperone ~~system is that it is currently limited to mapping~~ the ~~floor and walls of a space. This means that if the user's space includes a couch it would not be mapped~~ and ~~would present an invisible obstacle (~~it ~~could, however, be defined as the limiting 'wall' on that side of the space).~~

	~~Finally, the physical model built by the Chaperone system~~ is ~~static. If any portion of the setup changes, such as moved furniture,~~ it ~~would not be reflected in the model~~ and ~~therefore not be used to guide the user~~.

	==Likely Additions==		==Likely Additions==
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	''Hardware and software, sensors, and beacons for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''		''Hardware and software, sensors, and beacons for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''

	~~===HTC Vive Pre===~~		The first consumer-ready implementation of Chaperone was introduced at CES 2016 as a part of the HTC Vive Pre headset.
	~~HTC Vive Pre is the second Vive development kit.~~ The ~~headset has been~~ introduced at CES 2016, and it adds a front-facing pass-through camera used for object and boundary recognition. It solves the problem of real space navigation while immersed in a virtual reality. Recognized objects are represented in user's field of view as ~~glowing outlines and silhouettes. It is now entirely possible to change position from standing to sitting on~~ a ~~chair, walk from object to object in real world, and safely take advantage~~ of ~~all space that the room users play in provides.~~

	~~The system has two modes of operation. In the first mode,~~ the Vive ~~is inactive until users get close to a wall or an obstacle. The~~ headset then shows a glimpse of the real world to give users enough time to react and avoid any obstacle. The second mode is activated by double-tapping a menu button on the controller. In this mode, users see an instant view of all their surrounding.

	~~The only remaining problem and potential danger is the attached cord. Unfortunately, Chaperone does not detect the cord, and it is possible for users to trip over it and fall~~.

	==References==		==References==

Robovlk: /* HTC Vive Pre */

2016-01-09T13:40:38Z

HTC Vive Pre

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:40, 9 January 2016
Line 34:		Line 34:

	===HTC Vive Pre===		===HTC Vive Pre===
	HTC Vive Pre is the second Vive development kit. The headset has been introduced at CES 2016, and it adds a front-facing pass-through camera used for object and boundary recognition. It solves the problem of real space navigation while immersed in a virtual reality. Recognized objects are represented in user's field of view as glowing outlines and silhouettes. It is now entirely possible to change position from standing to sitting on a chair, walk from object to object in real world, and safely take advantage of all space that the room users play in provides.		HTC Vive Pre is the second Vive development kit. The headset has been introduced at CES 2016, and it adds a front-facing pass-through camera used for object and boundary recognition. It solves the problem of real space navigation while immersed in a virtual reality. Recognized objects are represented in user's field of view as glowing outlines and silhouettes. It is now entirely possible to change position from standing to sitting on a chair, walk from object to object in real world, and safely take advantage of all space that the room users play in provides.

			The system has two modes of operation. In the first mode, the Vive is inactive until users get close to a wall or an obstacle. The headset then shows a glimpse of the real world to give users enough time to react and avoid any obstacle. The second mode is activated by double-tapping a menu button on the controller. In this mode, users see an instant view of all their surrounding.

			The only remaining problem and potential danger is the attached cord. Unfortunately, Chaperone does not detect the cord, and it is possible for users to trip over it and fall.

	==References==		==References==

Robovlk at 13:23, 9 January 2016

2016-01-09T13:23:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:23, 9 January 2016
Line 32:		Line 32:

	''Hardware and software, sensors, and beacons for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''		''Hardware and software, sensors, and beacons for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''

			===HTC Vive Pre===
			HTC Vive Pre is the second Vive development kit. The headset has been introduced at CES 2016, and it adds a front-facing pass-through camera used for object and boundary recognition. It solves the problem of real space navigation while immersed in a virtual reality. Recognized objects are represented in user's field of view as glowing outlines and silhouettes. It is now entirely possible to change position from standing to sitting on a chair, walk from object to object in real world, and safely take advantage of all space that the room users play in provides.

	==References==		==References==

Shadowdawn: /* Collision Bounds */

2015-10-29T02:41:29Z

Collision Bounds

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:41, 29 October 2015
Line 11:		Line 11:

	On October 27, 2015, Valve introduced different styles of the grid for beta testing:<ref name="collision beta">http://steamcommunity.com/app/358720/discussions/0/483368526588965793/</ref>		On October 27, 2015, Valve introduced different styles of the grid for beta testing:<ref name="collision beta">http://steamcommunity.com/app/358720/discussions/0/483368526588965793/</ref>

			*Squares - Small floating squares on wall surfaces
			*Beginner - Grid pattern with the intersections removed
			*Intermediate - Same as beginner but square openings are about 2.25x the area (bars are 1.5x farther apart)
			*Advanced - A single horizontal line on each wall
			*Developer - A persistent line loop at floor-level that never fades away, so it helps you always be aware of where the walls are by just glancing down

	==Current Limitations==		==Current Limitations==

Shadowdawn: /* Collision Bounds */

2015-10-29T02:40:23Z

Collision Bounds

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:40, 29 October 2015
Line 8:		Line 8:

	==Collision Bounds==		==Collision Bounds==
	Collision Bounds are the blue grid that appears in [[VR]] ~~to warn~~ the user of physical barriers in real life.		Collision Bounds are the blue grid that appears in [[VR]] when the user is close to physical barriers in real life.

	On October 27, 2015, Valve introduced different styles of the grid for beta testing:<ref name="collision beta">http://steamcommunity.com/app/358720/discussions/0/483368526588965793/</ref>		On October 27, 2015, Valve introduced different styles of the grid for beta testing:<ref name="collision beta">http://steamcommunity.com/app/358720/discussions/0/483368526588965793/</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:44, 1 August 2017
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	==Introduction==		==Introduction==
	[[File:Stock-vector.jpg\|thumbnail\|Concept Drawing of Chaperone's Visual Grid]]		[[File:Stock-vector.jpg\|thumbnail\|Concept Drawing of Chaperone's Visual Grid]]
	The Chaperone system is a utility design by [[Valve]] to be used with their [[Virtual Reality#Platforms\|VR platform]], [[SteamVR]], and [[Virtual_Reality#Devices\|Head Mounted Display]], the [[HTC Vive]]. Once set up, it keeps track of where a user is in relation to the physical walls around them, and if necessary, shows a [[#Collision Bounds\|blue grid]]<ref>http://www.tested.com/tech/concepts/504521-htc-vive-vs-oculus-crescent-bay-my-10-vr-takeaways/</ref> within the user's virtual space to notify them that they are in close proximity to a physical barrier. The [[HTC Vive]] provides tracking within an approximately 15 foot by 15 foot area, and the Chaperon system ~~provides~~ the ~~user with confidence~~ that they will not collide with physical barriers as they experience ~~their~~ virtual content. The first working prototype was introduced at CES 2016 with the announcement of HTC's second Vive development kit.		The Chaperone system is a utility design by [[Valve]] to be used with their [[Virtual Reality#Platforms\|VR platform]], [[SteamVR]], and [[Virtual_Reality#Devices\|Head Mounted Display]], the [[HTC Vive]]. Once set up, it keeps track of where a user is in relation to the physical walls around them, and if necessary, shows a [[#Collision Bounds\|blue grid]]<ref>Chan, N. (2015). HTC Vive vs. Oculus Crescent Bay: My 10 VR takeaways. Retrieved from http://www.tested.com/tech/concepts/504521-htc-vive-vs-oculus-crescent-bay-my-10-vr-takeaways/</ref> within the user's virtual space to notify them that they are in close proximity to a physical barrier. The [[HTC Vive]] provides tracking within an approximately 15-foot by 15-foot area, and the Chaperon system assures the users that they will not collide with any physical barriers as they experience the virtual content. The first working prototype was introduced at CES 2016 with the announcement of HTC's second Vive development kit.

	==Purpose==		==Purpose==
	The main purpose of the Chaperone system is to warn the user when they approach a physical barrier, to which they are blind because of the headset they are wearing. This will ideally prevent collisions and minimize accidents, and thus solve the problem of real space navigation in virtual reality. The system ~~recognized~~ objects and represents them in user's field of view as glowing outlines and silhouettes. It makes it entirely possible to change position from standing to sitting on a chair, walk from object to object in real world, and safely ~~take~~ advantage of all space ~~that the~~ room ~~users play in provides~~.		The main purpose of the Chaperone system is to warn the user when they approach a physical barrier, to which they are blind because of the headset they are wearing. This will ideally prevent collisions and minimize accidents, and thus solve the problem of real space navigation in virtual reality. The system recognizes objects and represents them in the user's field of view as glowing outlines and silhouettes. It makes it entirely possible to change position from standing to sitting on a chair, walk from object to object in real world, and safely takes advantage of all available space in a user’s room.

	A secondary purpose for the Chaperone system is to allow games to interact with the user in a unique way. Because the Chaperone system has information about the user's environment, virtual applications can react to the user's surroundings. It could, for example, generate a location that matches the orientation and layout of the user's room. Conversely, the system could use a techniques like overlapping spaces or [[directed walking]]<ref>~~http://ict~~.~~usc~~.~~edu/pubs/~~Impossible~~%20Spaces~~-~~%20Maximizing%20Natural%20Walking%20in%20Virtual%20Environments%20with%20Self~~-~~Overlapping%20Architecture.pdf~~</ref> to make ~~traverse-able,~~ virtual environments ~~that~~ seem much larger than the user's physical space by distorting the user's perception of distance and rotational displacement.		A secondary purpose for the Chaperone system is to allow games to interact with the user in a unique way. Because the Chaperone system has information about the user's environment, virtual applications can react to the user's surroundings. It could, for example, generate a location that matches the orientation and layout of the user's room. Conversely, the system could use techniques like overlapping spaces or [[directed walking]]<ref>Suma, E.A., Lipps, Z., Finkelstein, S., Krum, D.M. and Bolas, M. (2012). Impossible Spaces: Maximizing natural walking in virtual environments with self-overlapping architecture. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 18(4): 555-564</ref> to make virtual environments seem much larger than the user's physical space by distorting the user's perception of distance and rotational displacement.

	The latest version of Chaperone system has two modes of operation. In the first mode, the Vive is inactive until users get close to a wall or an obstacle. The headset then shows a glimpse of the real world to give users enough time to react and avoid any obstacle. The second mode is activated by double-tapping a menu button on the controller. In this mode, users see an instant view of all their surrounding.		The latest version of Chaperone system has two modes of operation. In the first mode, the Vive is inactive until users get close to a wall or an obstacle. The headset then shows a glimpse of the real world to give users enough time to react and avoid any obstacle. The second mode is activated by double-tapping a menu button on the controller. In this mode, users see an instant view of all their surrounding.

	==Collision Bounds==		==Collision Bounds==
	Collision Bounds ~~are~~ the blue grid that appears in [[VR]] when the user is close to physical barriers in real life.		Collision Bounds is the blue grid that appears in [[VR]] when the user is close to physical barriers in real life.

	On October 27, 2015, Valve introduced different styles of the grid for beta testing:<ref name="collision beta">~~http~~://steamcommunity.com/app/358720/discussions/0/483368526588965793/</ref>		On October 27, 2015, Valve introduced different styles of the grid for beta testing:<ref name="collision beta">Vlachos, A. (2015). Collision Bounds change - Feedback please. Retrieved from https://steamcommunity.com/app/358720/discussions/0/483368526588965793/</ref>

	*Squares - Small floating squares on wall surfaces		*Squares - Small floating squares on wall surfaces;
	*Beginner - Grid pattern with the intersections removed		*Beginner - Grid pattern with the intersections removed;
	*Intermediate - Same as beginner but square openings are about 2.25x the area (bars are 1.5x farther apart)		*Intermediate - Same as beginner but square openings are about 2.25x the area (bars are 1.5x farther apart);
	*Advanced - A single horizontal line on each wall		*Advanced - A single horizontal line on each wall;
	*Developer - A persistent line loop at floor-level that never fades away, ~~so it helps you~~ always be aware of where the walls are by just glancing down		*Developer - A persistent line loop at floor-level that never fades away, helping the user to always be aware of where the walls are by just glancing down.

	==Current Limitations==		==Current Limitations==
Line 26:		Line 26:

	==Likely Additions==		==Likely Additions==
	According to comments by the [[Lighthouse]] developers at conventions and on Twitter<ref>https://twitter.com/vk2zay/status/573909197949009920</ref>, as well as the emphasis on mapping in its patent<ref>~~http~~://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=86558185&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch</ref>, it seems likely that the [[HTC Vive]] will eventually use a stereo pair of cameras or a depth camera to aid in "detection and measurement" the user's surroundings. This might be a one-time calibration, or it could provide constantly updating information to capture changes in the user's environment. Gathering data in this fashion would also likely allow the recognition of furniture and other small objects.		According to comments by the [[Lighthouse]] developers at conventions and on Twitter<ref>Yates, A. (2015). Retrieved from https://twitter.com/vk2zay/status/573909197949009920</ref>, as well as the emphasis on mapping in its patent <ref name="patent">United States Patent and Trademark Office. Chaperone. Retrieved from https://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=86558185&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch</ref>, it seems likely that the [[HTC Vive]] will eventually use a stereo pair of cameras or a depth camera to aid in "detection and measurement" the user's surroundings. This might be a one-time calibration, or it could provide constantly updating information to capture changes in the user's environment. Gathering data in this fashion would also likely allow the recognition of furniture and other small objects.

	==History==		==History==
	Valve Corporation filed for a patent entitled 'CHAPERONE' on March 09, 2015<ref>~~http://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=86558185&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch~~</ref>. In it is contained this description of the Chaperone system:		Valve Corporation filed for a patent entitled 'CHAPERONE' on March 09, 2015 <ref name="patent"></ref>. In it is contained this description of the Chaperone system:

	''Hardware and software, sensors, and base stations for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''		''Hardware and software, sensors, and base stations for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Devices used for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments; Electronic apparatus for the detection and measurement of physical objects and the representation of such objects in virtual reality environments''